Everything about The Red Pine totally explained
The
Red Pine (
Pinus resinosa) is a
pine native to northeastern
North America, occurring from
Newfoundland west to southeast
Manitoba, and south to northern
Illinois and
Pennsylvania, with a small outlying population in the
Appalachian Mountains in
West Virginia. In the
Upper Midwest of the United States it's sometimes known by the confusing name
Norway Pine even though it isn't native to
Norway.
It is an
evergreen tree characterized by tall, straight growth in a variety of habitats. It usually ranges from 20-35 m in height and 1 m in trunk diameter, but can exceed that in optimal conditions, exceptionally reaching 43 m tall (Gymnosperm Database). The crown is conical in young trees, becoming a narrow rounded dome with age. The
bark is thick and gray-brown at the base of the tree, but thin, flaky and bright orange-red in the upper crown; the tree's name derives from this distinctive character. Some red color may be seen in the fissures of the bark. Red Pine is self pruning; there tend not to be dead branches on the trees, and older trees may have very long lengths of branchless trunk below the canopy.
The
leaves are needle-like, dark green, in fascicles of two, 12-18 cm long, and brittle. The leaves snap cleanly when bent; this character, stated as diagnostic for Red Pine in some texts, is however shared by several other pine species. The
cones are symmetrical ovoid, 4-6 cm long, 2.5 cm broad and green before maturity, ripening nut-brown and opening to 4-5 cm broad, the scales without a prickle and almost stalkless.
The species is notable for its very constant morphology and low genetic variation throughout its range, suggesting it has been through a
population bottleneck in its recent
evolutionary history (Fowler & Morris 1977, Simon et al. 1986).
This species is intolerant of shade, but does well in windy sites; it grows best in well-drained soil. The
wood is commercially valuable in
forestry for
timber and
paper pulp, and the tree is also used for landscaping.
The Red Pine is the
state tree of
Minnesota.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Red Pine'.
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